PPT-Amino Acid Biosynthesis & Degradation

Learning Objectives 1 Know the groups of aa biosynthetic families 2 The enzymes and coenzymes involved in the synthetic pathways 3 The enzyme deficiencies of each pathway 4 The consequences of the inborn errors of metabolism. What are amino acids?. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.. In the body, they exist as zwitterions.. Zwitterions can behave as both an acid or a base.. Today we will:. Study . the acid-base properties of amino acids, . C483 Spring 2013. Questions. 1. The . primary structure of a protein specifically describes the ________. . A. ) location of disulfide bonds. B. ) linear sequence of amino acids . C. ) overall three-dimensional shape . Grant . Alex . Curtis. Why?. The purpose of this study was to examine the net hormonal effect of amino acid supplementation on the overreaching resistance training-induced hormonal stress response.. Variables. Formation of Aminoacyl tRNAs. Ribosome structure. Stages of Translation. Relationship between DNA, mRNA, and Protein Sequences. Translation and the Genetic Code. Amino acid structure. Four different groups are attached to the central carbon atom (. We live in a human-centric world.. Life exists outside our box.. Subtitle. Text. Shock & Holland (2007). For example, there is life deep down on the ocean floor.. C-DEBI . (Center for Deep Energy Biosphere Investigations). Pratt and . Cornely. Chapter 18. Overview. Nitrogen assimilation. Amino acid biosynthesis. Nonessential aa. Essential aa. Nucleotide biosynthesis . Amino Acid . Catabolism. Urea Cycle. Juicy Steak Part 2. Chapter 30, . Stryer. Short Course. Overview. Amino Acid Catabolism. Nitrogen removal. Urea Cycle. Metabolism of carbon backbone. Amino acid catabolism. Amino acids . from diet or protein turnover. Salvaged for use in proteins or catabolized. Purines are biologically synthesized as nucleotides and in particular as ribotides, i.e. bases attached to ribose-5-phosphate. . Purines are synthesized by two types of pathways, the de novo pathways and the salvage pathways.. What to Know. What is the Metabolic Fate of Ammonium?. How is Escherichia coli Glutamine Synthetase regulated?. Understand general ways that organisms synthesize amino acids. Know the definition of essential versus nonessential amino acids. Debarati Basu. Cell Wall Seminar. Outline. What genes involved in cellulose biosynthesis? . Which compartment is involved in cellulose biosynthesis? . What are the protein components of the cellulose syntheses machinery and how they are coupled in the cytoskeleton?. building blocks for protein synthesis. precursors of nucleotides and heme. source of energy. neurotransmitters. precursors of neurotransmitters and hormones. Outline of amino acid degradation. The liver is the major site of degradation for most amino acids, but muscle and kidney dominate the degradation of specific ones. 1. . Overview. The catabolism of the amino acids involves:. Removal of α-amino groups. . Breakdown of the resulting carbon skeletons.. The resulting compounds will be used to form seven intermediate products: . (. N-. Catabolisim. of Amino Acid). *. transamination. *Deamination(oxidative or nonoxidative. . deamination. ). *Transdeamination. * NH. 3. transport . *formation of urea. .. . Transamination. *Transamination means transfer of amino group from α-amino acid to α-. backbone.  . atoms . (see aminoAcids1).  but a unique set of . side chain . atoms. It's the side chains that make the 20 amino acids different from each other. . 1. Use the three identical backbone pieces and three unique side chain pieces below to construct three amino acids in the space to the right..