PPT-Aldehydes & Ketones

In General Fragrant odors Basic building block of housing materials Hormones Digestion Vision 2 In General Carbonyl group CO Aldehydes RCHO Formyl Ketones RCOR 3 Nomenclature. Studies on Direct and Indirect Reductive Amination Procedures Ahmed F AbdelMagid Kenneth G Carson Bruce D Harris Cynthia A Maryanoff and Rekha D Shah The R W Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute Department of Chemical Development Spring House P Aldehydes. The term Aldehyde come for the words . al. cohol . dehy. drogenation. . Preparation: Oxidation of primary alcohols according to the following equation:. Note: Oxidation can be considered as removal of hydrogens. Aldehydes and ketones. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . 18-4. Alkylation of enolates can be difficult to control.. The alkylation of an aldehyde or ketone enolate is an example of a nucleophilic substitution reaction.. The alkylation of aldehydes and ketones is complicated by several unwanted side reactions.. By . Yemi. . Oduwole. What are Flavoring Agents?. Flavoring agents are considered the largest compounds used as . FOOD ADDITIVES. . . Food and beverage applications . of these additives are . not limited to dairy, fruit, nut, seafood, spice blends, vegetables and . The Civet Cat is the original source of . civetone. , a sweet and pungent ketone used as a fixative in perfumery. Aldehydes and ketones are found in many fragrant odors of many fruits, fine perfumes, hormones etc. some examples are listed below.. 17-1. The aldehyde function takes precedence over the ketone group in nomenclature.. Simpler aldehydes often retain their common names. These are constructed by dropping the –. ic. or –. oic. . 18-1. The pK. a. values of the . -hydrogens of aldehydes and ketones range from 16 to 21, comparable to those of alcohols (15-18).. Strong bases can remove  hydrogens leading to anions called . 1. Hydration of Alkenes - . addition of water. - uses H. 2. SO. 4. and heat. Ex.; Hydrate propene.. 2. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes & Ketones –. All . carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule will be hydrogenated at the same time. Fourth Edition. Karen Timberlake. 14.1. Aldehydes and Ketones. Chapter 14. Aldehydes, Ketones, and Chiral Molecules. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. Lectures. Aldehydes and Ketones. A . carbonyl group. 1. CHAPTER 16. Aldehydes & Ketones. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry. Janice . Gorzynski. . Smith. CHAPTER 16 Aldehydes & Ketones. Smith, Janice Gorzynski. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry 2nd Ed.. Formation of an Aldehyde. Oxidation of Primary Alcohols. General equation:. Primary alcohol aldehyde. RCH. 2. CH=O. EXAMPLE:. 1-propanol. Formation of a Ketone. Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols. Do Now: Write the molecular formula for the two sugars on the right. Are they isomers?. General formula: R. . C. . H or RCHO. Carbonyl group . just like ketone except . always. . at end of aldehyde . Organic compounds. Functional group identification. Many organic compounds contain an atom or group of atoms that substitute for hydrogen or carbon in a basic hydrocarbon.. The atom or group of atoms is commonly referred to as functional group..