PPT-Chapter 9: Aldehydes and Ketones

The Civet Cat is the original source of civetone a sweet and pungent ketone used as a fixative in perfumery Aldehydes and ketones are found in many fragrant odors of many fruits fine perfumes hormones etc some examples are listed below. Aldehydes. The term Aldehyde come for the words . al. cohol . dehy. drogenation. . Preparation: Oxidation of primary alcohols according to the following equation:. Note: Oxidation can be considered as removal of hydrogens. Dr. Talat R. Al-Ramadhany. Introduction . Aldehydes are compounds of the general formula . RCHO. ;. Ketones are compounds of the general formula . RR´CO. . The groups R and R´ may be aliphatic or aromatic. . Aldehydes and ketones. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . 18-4. Alkylation of enolates can be difficult to control.. The alkylation of an aldehyde or ketone enolate is an example of a nucleophilic substitution reaction.. The alkylation of aldehydes and ketones is complicated by several unwanted side reactions.. In General. Fragrant odors. Basic building block of housing materials. Hormones. Digestion. Vision. 2. In General. Carbonyl group. C=O. Aldehydes. RCH=O. Formyl. Ketones. RC=OR’. 3. Nomenclature. 17-1. The aldehyde function takes precedence over the ketone group in nomenclature.. Simpler aldehydes often retain their common names. These are constructed by dropping the –. ic. or –. oic. . Before you can learn about aldehydes and ketones, you must first know something about the nomenclature of carboxylic acids since many of the names of aldehydes and ketones are derived from the names of the corresponding carboxylic acids.. 17-4. Laboratory syntheses of aldehydes and ketones use four common methods.. Oxidation of alcohols:. Ozonolysis:. Hydration of the carbon-carbon triple bond y. ields enols that tautomerize to carbonyl compounds.. The Civet Cat is the original source of civetone, a sweet and pungent ketone used as a fixative in perfumery. Aldehydes and ketones are found in many fragrant odors of many fruits, fine perfumes, hormones etc. some examples are listed below.. 1. Chapter 16. Aldehydes & Ketones:. Nucleophilic Addition. to the Carbonyl Group. Ch. 16 - . 2. About The Authors. . These PowerPoint Lecture Slides were created and prepared by Professor William Tam and his wife, Dr. Phillis Chang. . Lesson on the following:. The Carbonyl group. Nomenclature for . Aldehydes. and . Ketones. Properties of . Aldehydes. and . Ketones. . 1.5 . Aldehydes. . and . Ketones. Aldehydes and Ketones. Fourth Edition. Karen Timberlake. 14.1. Aldehydes and Ketones. Chapter 14. Aldehydes, Ketones, and Chiral Molecules. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. Lectures. Aldehydes and Ketones. A . carbonyl group. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . and Ketones. Shatha. I . Alaqeel. 108 . Chem. Learning Objectives. Chapter eight . discusses. . carbonyl . compounds. and . by the end of this chapter the students will:. Know the structural differences between aldehydes and ketones.