PPT-Aldehydes and Ketones

Dr Talat R AlRamadhany Introduction Aldehydes are compounds of the general formula RCHO Ketones are compounds of the general formula RRCO The groups R and R may be aliphatic or aromatic . Aldehydes and ketones. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . Lecture 6. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS: . NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION REACTION. ALDEHYDE. KETON. ESTHER. CARBOXILIC ACID. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. Formalin . Ibuprofen . Aspirin. Asam cuka. Asam semut. 18-4. Alkylation of enolates can be difficult to control.. The alkylation of an aldehyde or ketone enolate is an example of a nucleophilic substitution reaction.. The alkylation of aldehydes and ketones is complicated by several unwanted side reactions.. By . Yemi. . Oduwole. What are Flavoring Agents?. Flavoring agents are considered the largest compounds used as . FOOD ADDITIVES. . . Food and beverage applications . of these additives are . not limited to dairy, fruit, nut, seafood, spice blends, vegetables and . In General. Fragrant odors. Basic building block of housing materials. Hormones. Digestion. Vision. 2. In General. Carbonyl group. C=O. Aldehydes. RCH=O. Formyl. Ketones. RC=OR’. 3. Nomenclature. The Civet Cat is the original source of . civetone. , a sweet and pungent ketone used as a fixative in perfumery. Aldehydes and ketones are found in many fragrant odors of many fruits, fine perfumes, hormones etc. some examples are listed below.. Learning Objectives:. Know the general formula for alcohols.. Be able to name alcohols.. Describe the shape of alcohols.. Classify primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.. Describe the physical properties of alcohols.. 18-1. The pK. a. values of the . -hydrogens of aldehydes and ketones range from 16 to 21, comparable to those of alcohols (15-18).. Strong bases can remove  hydrogens leading to anions called . Before you can learn about aldehydes and ketones, you must first know something about the nomenclature of carboxylic acids since many of the names of aldehydes and ketones are derived from the names of the corresponding carboxylic acids.. 1. Chapter 16. Aldehydes & Ketones:. Nucleophilic Addition. to the Carbonyl Group. Ch. 16 - . 2. About The Authors. . These PowerPoint Lecture Slides were created and prepared by Professor William Tam and his wife, Dr. Phillis Chang. . Fourth Edition. Karen Timberlake. 14.1. Aldehydes and Ketones. Chapter 14. Aldehydes, Ketones, and Chiral Molecules. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. Lectures. Aldehydes and Ketones. A . carbonyl group. 1. CHAPTER 16. Aldehydes & Ketones. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry. Janice . Gorzynski. . Smith. CHAPTER 16 Aldehydes & Ketones. Smith, Janice Gorzynski. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry 2nd Ed.. Organic compounds. Functional group identification. Many organic compounds contain an atom or group of atoms that substitute for hydrogen or carbon in a basic hydrocarbon.. The atom or group of atoms is commonly referred to as functional group.. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . and Ketones.