PPT-Naming the Aldehydes and Ketones

171 The aldehyde function takes precedence over the ketone group in nomenclature Simpler aldehydes often retain their common names These are constructed by dropping the ic or oic . Dr. Talat R. Al-Ramadhany. Introduction . Aldehydes are compounds of the general formula . RCHO. ;. Ketones are compounds of the general formula . RR´CO. . The groups R and R´ may be aliphatic or aromatic. . Aldehydes and ketones. Carbonyl Compounds. Contain the carbonyl group . C=O. . Aldehydes: . R may be hydrogen, usually a carbon containing group. Ketones: . R contains carbon. Short. forms. Structures of Aldehydes . 18-4. Alkylation of enolates can be difficult to control.. The alkylation of an aldehyde or ketone enolate is an example of a nucleophilic substitution reaction.. The alkylation of aldehydes and ketones is complicated by several unwanted side reactions.. By . Yemi. . Oduwole. What are Flavoring Agents?. Flavoring agents are considered the largest compounds used as . FOOD ADDITIVES. . . Food and beverage applications . of these additives are . not limited to dairy, fruit, nut, seafood, spice blends, vegetables and . Chemistry of Cooking. Flavours in Food. Many of the flavours in foods are due to the presence of . volatile. molecules. . Many . flavour and aroma molecules belong to the family called . aldehydes. . Ch. . 16. Covalent Compounds. Covalent bonds. form when atoms share . their valence electrons. .. Covalent compounds. are formed from 2 or more nonmetals.. Rules for Naming Covalent Compounds. 1. Prefixes are used to show how many atoms of each element are present in the compound . Learning Objectives:. Know the general formula for alcohols.. Be able to name alcohols.. Describe the shape of alcohols.. Classify primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.. Describe the physical properties of alcohols.. 17-7. Aldehydes and ketones form hemiacetals reversibly.. The reaction of alcohols with aldehydes and ketones parallels the reaction with water:. These equilibria usually favor the starting carbonyl compound.. Before you can learn about aldehydes and ketones, you must first know something about the nomenclature of carboxylic acids since many of the names of aldehydes and ketones are derived from the names of the corresponding carboxylic acids.. The Civet Cat is the original source of civetone, a sweet and pungent ketone used as a fixative in perfumery. Aldehydes and ketones are found in many fragrant odors of many fruits, fine perfumes, hormones etc. some examples are listed below.. Lesson on the following:. The Carbonyl group. Nomenclature for . Aldehydes. and . Ketones. Properties of . Aldehydes. and . Ketones. . 1.5 . Aldehydes. . and . Ketones. Aldehydes and Ketones. 1. CHAPTER 16. Aldehydes & Ketones. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry. Janice . Gorzynski. . Smith. CHAPTER 16 Aldehydes & Ketones. Smith, Janice Gorzynski. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry 2nd Ed.. Do Now: Write the molecular formula for the two sugars on the right. Are they isomers?. General formula: R. . C. . H or RCHO. Carbonyl group . just like ketone except . always. . at end of aldehyde . Shatha. I . Alaqeel. 108 . Chem. Learning Objectives. Chapter eight . discusses. . carbonyl . compounds. and . by the end of this chapter the students will:. Know the structural differences between aldehydes and ketones.