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The Renaissance The Renaissance The Renaissance The Renaissance

The Renaissance The Renaissance - PowerPoint Presentation

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The Renaissance The Renaissance - PPT Presentation

The Renaissance Period occurred from 14001600 The world of science advanced through the work of Galileo and Copernicus Christopher Columbus Sir Francis Duke Cortez Magellan and DeSoto ID: 692244

renaissance music sacred palestrina music renaissance palestrina sacred church giovanni polyphony josquin instruments gabrieli rome form written time secular

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Slide1

The RenaissanceSlide2

The Renaissance

The Renaissance Period occurred from

1400—1600.

The world of science advanced through the work of Galileo and Copernicus.

Christopher Columbus, Sir Francis Duke, Cortez, Magellan, and

DeSoto

were exploring the world.

Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and William Shakespeare were on the scene.Slide3

Sacred Music

The sacred music of the Renaissance showed a natural outgrowth of plainsong.

The simple one line monophony or two-line polyphony was expanded to up to four different vocal parts, all of which were

equally

important.

The new vocal form was the

motet

. In this style, the music was more important than the text.Slide4

Josquin

des

Prez

Giovanni

Periluigi de PalestrinaSlide5

The Renaissance

The rise of the middle class occurred during the Renaissance.

The nobility no longer possessed all of the wealth.

People began moving to cities and attending plays and concerts.

In 1450, the printing press was invented. Sheet music was printed and readily available for everyone.

This was a huge change from previous times, when only the religious and the royalty possessed sheet music.Slide6

Instruments of the Renaissance

By 1600, popular music of the day was available across Europe.

The middle class commonly played recorder, guitar, and lute.

Composers began writing polyphonic pieces just for instruments.

These pieces were written to accompany dancing. Slide7

Instruments of the Renaissance

Recorders

and

viols

in all different sizes played together in groups called consorts.

Lutes

,

shawms, krummhorns, and small versions of trombones and trumpets were used in the Renaissance.Slide8
Slide9

Secular Music

Madrigals

, songs for small groups of voices performed either with instrumental accompaniment or a

capella

, became the most popular form of secular music.

Madrigals were usually about love.

King Henry VIII of England was a fan of madrigals and had them sung at feasts and weddings.

They often consisted of verses with repeated choruses, much like the music of today!Slide10

Monophony and Polyphony

In the Early Middle Ages, monophonic music was the most common form of music.

M

onophony

--of a single unaccompanied melody.

The last six centuries of the Medieval Period allowed for the development of polyphony.

Polyphony

—more than one melody at the same time.Renaissance composers broadened the Medieval polyphony and used instruments to accompany vocal music.Slide11

Sacred Music

The most popular form of sacred music the

motet

.

Motet’s were generally polyphonic and written for chorus.

While there are a few secular motets, they are predominately sacred, but not specifically connected to the liturgy of the day.

This is different from plainsong of previous eras, which always were written for use in liturgy or the Mass.

Motets for 5 Voices--PalestrinaSlide12

Giovanni

Periluigi

de Palestrina

Italian composer and priest (1525—1594)

As a youth, he traveled the 20 miles from Palestrina, his home town, to Rome in order to be a choir boy.

Later in life, he had homes in both Rome and Palestrina. Slide13

Map from Palestrina to RomeSlide14

Giovanni Periluigi

de

Palestrina

In Rome, the Catholic Church was concerned about sacred music becoming too similar to secular music.

After considering banning music in the church altogether, the church asked Palestrina and other composers to write music for use in the church.

Palestrina composed 104 masses and 375 motets for use in the church. Slide15

Giovanni Periluigi

de

Palestrina

His musical life also included membership of the Sistine Choir in the Vatican.

He served many places as organist and choirmaster.

His tomb in the Church of St. Peter in Rome reads “Prince of Music”

Gloria from Pope Marcellus Mass—Palistrina

One of Palestrina's most famous Masses.Slide16

Josquin Des

Prez

French composer of the early Renaissance devoted his life (1440—1521) to writing sacred music.

By the time he began to compose, polyphony was common.

Josquin

learned how to compose from his teacher,

Johannes

Ockeghem.

Josquin

became a better polyphonic composer than his teacher by giving his own polyphonic music expression and flow.Slide17

Josquin des

Prez

Ave Maria—

Josquin

des

Prez

What do you hear? Slide18

Reformation

Around 1500, many people began to break away from the Roman Catholic Church.

This era was called

the Reformation

.

New Protestant church formed and had songs written for singing by the whole congregation, not just the choir.

This new

chorale style became the basis for many hymns that are still sung in churches today.Slide19

Andrea

Gabrieli

Giovanni

GabrieliSlide20

The Gabrielis

Andrea

Gabrieli

(1510—1586) and his nephew Giovanni

Gabrieli

(1556—1612) are famous for using instruments in sacred choral music.

Both served as organist at St. Mark’s Cathedral in Venice.

Before this time, all sacred music in church was sung a capella

. Slide21

The Gabrielis

They further experimented and developed sacred choral music by dividing singers into several choirs and placing them in different parts of the cathedral.

Having all of the choirs sing at the same time from their areas provided a stereo sound.

This is called

antiphonal music

.Slide22

O Magnum

Mysterium

—Giovanni

Gabrieli