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Jenney’s First Year LatinLesson 8 Lesson 8 Vocabulary 2-1-2 –ER Adjectives The Dative Case – Dative of Indirect Object

Lesson 8 Vocabulary

līber, lībera, līberum free

miser, misera, miserum wretched, poor, miserable

noster, nostra, nostrum our, ours

pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum beautiful, handsome; noble, fine

sacer, sacra, sacrum sacred, holy

vester, vestra, vestrum your, yours (you pl.)

ante (+ acc.)before

contrā (+ acc.) against

inter (+ acc.)between, among

ob (+ acc.)because of

per (+ acc.)through

post (+ acc.)after, behind

propter (+ acc.)on account of

trāns (+ acc.) across , over

2-1-2 –ER Adjectives

2-1-2 –ER Adjectives another type of 2-1-2 adjectives is ones with – er in the nom. sg . masc. form lib er , libera , liberum : free mis er , misera , miserum : wretched, unfortunate, poor nost er , nostra, nostrum : our, ours pulch er , pulchra, pulchrum : beautiful; noble, fine sac er , sacra, sacrum : sacred, holy vest er , vestra , vestrum : your, yours (cp. tuus , -a, -um)

2-1-2 –ER Adjectivesthese act just like ager and puer in the masculine forms some retain the – e – in the stem (like puer ) lib e r , lib e ra , lib e rum mis e r, mis e ra , mis e rum others drop the – e – from the stem (like ager ) nost e r , nostra, nostrum pulch e r , pulchra, pulchrum sac e r , sacra, sacrum vest e r , vestra , vestrum

2-1-2 –ER Adjectivesin all other forms, they act like 2-1-2 – us , – a , – um adjectives you must memorize which ones keep/drop the – e – from the stem use derivatives to help you determine whether the e stays or go

Declining a 2-1-2 –ER Adjectivepulcher , pulchra, pulchrum MASCULINE FEMININE NEUTER Singular Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Plural Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl.

Declining a 2-1-2 –ER Adjectivepulcher , pulchra, pulchrum Stem: ________ MASCULINE FEMININE NEUTER Singular Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Plural Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl.

Declining a 2-1-2 –ER Adjectivepulcher , pulchra, pulchrum Stem: pulchr – MASCULINE FEMININE NEUTER Singular Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Plural Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl.

Declining a 2-1-2 –ER Adjectivepulcher , pulchra, pulchrum Stem: pulchr – MASCULINE FEMININE NEUTER Singular Nom. pulcher pulchra pulchrum Gen. pulchrī pulchrae pulchrī Dat. pulchrō pulchrae pulchrō Acc. pulchrum pulchram pulchrum Abl. pulchrō pulchrā pulchrō Plural Nom. pulchrī pulchrae pulchrī Gen. pulchrōrum pulchrārum pulchrōrum Dat. pulchrīs pulchrīs pulchrīs Acc. pulchrōs pulchrās pulchrōs Abl. pulchrīs pulchrīs pulchrīs

The Dative Case:Dative of Indirect Object

The Dative Case – Indirect Object the indirect object is shown through a noun in the dative case indirect object : the person or thing to or for whom/which something is said, given, shown, or done translate using to or for after verbs of giving, showing, saying, or telling , e.g.: to give: dō , dare, dedī , datus to show: monstrō , monstrāre , monstrāvī , monstrātus to say: dicō , dicere , dīxī , dictus to tell: nārrō , nārrāre , nārrāvī , nārrātus

Dative of Indirect Object In English, we usually omit the preposition to or for I will give misbehaving students misdemeanor marks. I will give misdemeanor marks to misbehaving students . I.O. usually comes before the D.O. in Latin can be translated before or after the D.O. e.g.: Fīliae meae fabūlam dē bellō nārrābō . I will tell my daughter a story about the war. I will tell a story about the war to my daughter .

Dative of Indirect ObjectN.B.: do not confuse the dative of I.O. with the accusative of PTW acc. of PTW requires a verb of motion dat. of I.O. comes after verbs of giving, showing, saying, or telling Dōnum puellae dabō . Aquam ad puellam portābō .

Dative of Indirect Object – PracticeIdentify the D.O. and I.O., then translate: Nauta puerō aquam dat. Equīs frūmentum dabāmus . Fīliō bonō dōna multa dabunt . Agricolae fēminae fabūlam nārrant .