PPT-Chapter 7:Adaptation and Extinction

Mrs Walker 4 th Grade Adaptations For Survival Main Idea To survive plants and animals must be adapted to their environment Their adaptations help organisms obtain food hide from other animals and generally survive the conditions of their environment. Joseph Stewart, UN Reno. Robert D. Cooper, UCSC. Mike . Westphal. , BLM. Scott Butterfield, TNC. Barry Sinervo, UC Santa Cruz. Glossary. Tb lizard body temperature in the field. Tp. preferred lizard body temperature in lab. ASTR 1420. Lecture. 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass Extinctions. Check . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_event. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_extinction. EVOLUTION AND EXTINCTION. A TROPICAL MURDER MYSTERY. Finding the missing birds of Guam. A TROPIAL MURDER MYSTERY. . Finding the missing birds of Guam. 12. At the end of this chapter you will know:. Frode Svartdal. . University. of . Tromsø. . Oct. 2013. Extinction: Basics. Extinction is defined in terms of a reinforcement process. Extinction contingencies. The . stimulus. (S. R. or US) is discontinued. ASTR 1420. Lecture . 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass extinction . (a.k.a. extinction event) : is a sharp decrease in the number of species in a relatively short period of time.. How species react to a change in their environment. What is adaptation?. An adaptation is a reaction in a species to increase survival due to a change in its environment.. Have you ever wondered why camels have humps?. Opportunities and. Adaptive Radiations. Overview. Extinctions. Adaptive Radiations—New Niches. Stem mammals survived and experience adaptive radiation.. Evolution of birds, feathers, flight, and flightlessness.. Remember. Operant conditioning extinction differs from classical conditioning extinction. During extinction, responding decreases to baseline levels for both classical and operant conditioning. BUT: Operantly conditioned behavior shows:. Outline . Effects of Extinction Procedures. Decreased responding. Increased variability in responding. Extinction of Original Learning. Spontaneous Recovery. Renewal of Original Excitatory Conditioning. Essential Questions. What is extinction?. Which species have become extinct in modern times? . What are the characteristics of past mass extinctions? . How do modern extinction rates compare with natural (background) rates?. The Species Approach. Core Case Study: Polar Bears and . Global Warming. Polar Bears. 20,000-25,000 . in the . Arctic. Most calories in winter from seals on sea . ice. Environmental impact on polar bears. Background vs. Mass Extinction. Background extinction. = species gradually and continuously go extinct, creating a turnover of species through time.. Background extinction and mass extinction. 0. 600. Good progress:. Define the term extinction. Explain how extinction may be caused.. Outstanding progress:. Explain that organisms become extinct because something changes and the species cannot adapt quickly enough to the new circumstances.. Behavior. Effects of Extinction Procedures. Response Recovery after Extinction. Enhancing Extinction Performance. “Paradoxical” Reward Effects in Extinction. Extinction Procedures. Classical Conditioning: .