JISC Improved Sustainability Across Estates Through The Use of ICT Continuous Optimisation an Imperial College estates initiative reducing the carbon consumption of plant amp services and how ICT infrastructure underpins its delivery ID: 460076
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Slide1
Continuous Optimisation
JISC
Improved Sustainability Across Estates Through The Use of ICT
Continuous Optimisation
–
an Imperial College estates
initiative reducing the carbon consumption of plant & services, and how ICT infrastructure underpins it’s deliverySlide2
Continuous Optimisation - Content
Content
Continuous Optimisation (ConCom) – what is it?
Background
Initiatives
Flowers building ‘night set-back’
Air change rationalisation
Filter optimisation
How does ICT support Continuous Optimisation?
TREND system
Carbon Desktop
Real Time LoggingSlide3
Continuous Optimisation
Continuous Optimisation (ConCom) – what is it?Slide4
Continuous Optimisation - Background
Background
Imperial College’s ‘Carbon Management Plan’ requires us to achieve a 20% reduction in carbon consumption by 2014.
84,026 tCO
2
reduced by
16,805tCO
2
to
67,221tCO
2
Continuous Optimisation of plant & services, targeted to deliver
4,903tCO
2
This can only be achieved if we have:
Extensive control systems
Robust operational information
The cooperation of the academic community
As a Science, Engineering and Medicine focussed University, our research and teaching relies heavily on controlled environments.Slide5
Continuous Optimisation - background
We are challenging how environments were originally commissioned by considering:
The original design, at sign-off
How the environments are now being used
The occupation strategy
What service strategies are really needed to provide, safe and productive environments, without compromising our research & teaching.
Through Continuous Optimisation (continuous commissioning ‘ConCom’), we are implementing:
Air change volume adjustments
AHU operational set-backs (temperature & time)
Introducing more efficient plant
Adjusting pump delivery to meet flow demands
Improving filter efficiencies
Introducing occupancy controls e.g. CO
2
sensors, ‘user switches’Slide6
Continuous Optimisation –
Flowers building ‘night set-back’
Flowers Building ‘Night set-back’
InitiativeSlide7
Continuous Optimisation –
Flowers building ‘night set-back’
Flowers Building ‘Night set-back’
Methodology
We identified Flowers building main air handling services were operating 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Environmental conditions and operational dependencies were discussed with users
The four supply & extract air handling units were re-commissioned to ensure they could continue to operate to the original design
This helped establish that new motorised dampers and controls would be required to manipulate the air pressures and volumes, while ensuring that dedicated equipment areas continued to receive 24hr ventilation / cooling.Slide8
Continuous Optimisation –
Flowers building ‘night set-back’
Methodology (cont’d)
The energy profile for the building was then measured across a normal week
The new controls and motorised dampers were installed
The air supply pressure was then reduced from 400pa to 300pa
The air volume delivered overnight was reduced to an average of 6 air changes / hour, from 13, between 22.00hrs to 07.00hrs.
The energy profile for the building was measured throughout this process and checked in subsequent weeks.
Further commissioning followed; reducing air pressures, and extending the time to between 18.00hrs to 07.00hrs, more savings resulted.Slide9
Continuous Optimisation –
Flowers building ‘night set-back’
Savings
The base load has reduced from 280kW to 210 kW a
70kW
saving
Day time air pressure was reduced, heating & cooling savings resulted
This realised overall savings of
Savings
kWh
£
CO2 Tonnes
Night Set Back
273,000
23,342
145.8
Reduce
daytime pressure
218,400
18,673
116.6
Heating & Cooling
70,175
6,000
37.5
Add weekends
28,080
2,401
15.0
Total
589,655
44,416
315Slide10
Continuous Optimisation –
Flowers building ‘night set-back’
Electricity profile the
week before
the damper replacement and night setback initiation
Dampers replaced (Mon 5
th
& Tues 6
th
October)
Night set back initiated Wednesday 7
th
October
kW
400
320
240
160
80
Base load has reduced from 280kW to
210kWSlide11
Continuous Optimisation – Air change rationalisation
Air Change RationalisationSlide12
Continuous Optimisation –
Air change rationalisation
Air Change Rationalisation
As part of our ConCom programme we challenge the air change strategy for each building, comparing the design, current operation and recommended standards.
CIBSE guidelines recommend 6 air changes / hr for laboratories.
We find that our environments are commissioned within significant excesses of this standard, often between 10 and 14 air changes / hr.
Working closely with users, we measure the current air changes, and then gradually adjust the fan-sets, optimising their delivery but without compromising the business need or safety.Slide13
Continuous Optimisation –
Air change rationalisation
This
approach can deliver significant savings through:
reduced fan motor speeds
reduced heating demands
reduced cooling demands
An example of this approach in the Sir Alexander Fleming building, where we focussed on 3 of the main AHU’s has already delivered annual savings:
980,588
kWhrs
, £31,450 275 tonnesCO
2Slide14
Continuous Optimisation
– Air change rationalisation
14
Floor area served m2
Volume served m3/s
Floor
AHU 1
AHU 2
AHU 3
AHU 1
AHU 2
AHU 3
2
196.35
196.35
392.7
540.0
540.0
1079.9
3
196.35
196.35
392.7
540.0
540.0
1079.9
4
196.35
196.35
151.8
540.0
540.0
417.5
5
196.35
196.35
540.0
540.0
6
196.35
196.35
540.0
540.0
981.75
981.75
937.2
2,700
2,700
2,577
Air delivered (design) m3/s
7.96
8.34
9.89
Air delivered (measured 2010) m3/s
8.16
8.77
10.37
Air Delivered (setback) m3/s
5.97
8.09
7.56
ACH (design)
10.6
11.1
13.2
ACH (measured 2010)
10.9
11.7
13.8
ACH (setback)
8.0
10.8
10.1Slide15
Continuous Optimisation
– Air change rationalisation
15Slide16
Continuous Optimisation
–
Air change rationalisation
Carbon
Desktop - Electricity demand profile for Transformer 40 - MCP3 at SAF.
MCP
3 feeds AHUs 1,2,3, 4, 7,8,17,18,16,9 & 23.
A further £15K in heating and cooling savings using bin weather data.
16Slide17
Continuous Optimisation – Filter Optimisation
Filter OptimisationSlide18
Continuous Optimisation – Filter Optimisation
Filter Optimisation
Most air handling units (AHU’s) have integral filter strategies, applied primarily to supply, and for some applications, the extract.
Filter media provides significant resistance within the air flow path, resistance increases as filters become blocked.
Higher resistance of the filter, results in increased energy consumed by fan motor to provide the required air flow.
Initial trials (Carbon Trust Funded) in the SAF building have shown, that by using filter media (e.g.
HiFlo
bag filters) with a larger surface area, significant savings can be achieved on fan motor power.Slide19
Continuous Optimisation
– Filter Optimisation
19
Bag Filters
% installed at the IC (approx)
Energy Rating
Comparative Cost per filter
(£)
Details
S Flo - WU series
30%
E
£19.73
Basic economic bag
~ 300mm deep
S Flo – WP series
50%
E
£18.23
Basic economic bag
~ 500+mm deep
Opakfil Green
20%
A
£60.68
Energy efficient “rigid” bag
Used at SAF
Hi Flo – M series
0%
A
£48.05
Energy efficient – high surface area bag
Not used anywhere at IC yet. Slide20
Continuous Optimisation
– Filter Optimisation
20
No
Measure
Implement Immediately?
Energy Savings (kWh/
yr
)
CO2 Savings (tonnes/
yr
)
Energy Cost Savings (£/
yr
)
Total Life Cycle Cost Savings - LCC (£/
yr
)
SAF 1
Replace HEPAs (H13 to H10)
YES
50,430
27
£3,278
£3,278
SAF 2
Replace standard G4 panels with 30/30 panels (implemented)
YES
64,347
35
£4,183
£2,574
SAF 3
Replace
Opakfil
Bags with Hi Flo and remove Panels
NO - TRIAL REQ’D
138,325
5
£9,129
£8,037
253,102
67
£16,590
£13,889
No
Measure
Energy Savings (kWh/
yr
)
CO2 Savings (tonnes/
yr
)
Energy Savings (£/
yr
)
Total Cost Savings LCC (£/
yr
)
1-10
All
filters
measures
above
2,271,765
1,156
£146,710
£87,008Slide21
Continuous Optimisation
– Filter Optimisation
21
No
Measure
Implement Immediately?
Savings
Current
Proposed
Energy
(
kWh/
yr
)
CO2
(
tonnes/
yr
)
Cost
(£/
yr
)
Total Life Cycle Cost
-
LCC (£/
yr
)
1
HEPAs H13
HEPAs H10
MORE INFO REQ’D
TBC
TBC
TBC
TBC
2
Standard
G4
panels
30/30 panels
YES
252,217
137
£16,394
10,936
3
Pad filters
30/30 pleated panel filters
YES
126,108
69
£8,197
5,468
4-6
300 mm Bags
600 mm Hi Flo
Bags
TRIAL
REQ’D
464,447
247
£29460
13,691
7
S
Flo (WU
)
&
Opakfil
(rigid)
Bags
Hi Flo Bags (no panels)
YES
87,938
48
£5,716
1,443
8
Change panel filters at lower pressure drop
YES
252,217
137
16,394
10,936
9
Change bag filters at lower pressure drop
YES
162,848
89
10,585
6,273
10
Improved filters
&changing
regime for AHUs <
15 kW
YES
672,888
363
43,373
24,373
11
(SAF)
HEPAs H13
HEPAs H10
YES
50,430
27
£3,278
£3,278
12 (SAF)
Standard
G4
panels
30/30 panels
YES
64,347
35
£4,183
£2,574
13 (SAF)
Opakfil
Bags
Hi Flo bags
(no
Panels)
TRIAL
REQ’D
138,325
5
£9,129
£8,037
2,271,765
1,156
£146,710
£87,008Slide22
Continuous Optimisation
– Filter Optimisation
22
Hi flow bag
S Flow bag
Opakfil
Rigid bag
30/30 Pleated PanelSlide23
Continuous Optimisation
–
How does ICT support Continuous Optimisation?
How does ICT support Continuous Optimisation?Slide24
Continuous Optimisation –
TREND System
TREND System (BMS)
Imperial College has the largest TREND Building Management System in the UK (original installation commenced1996).
Traditionally it has been used to monitor the operational status of plant & services and in particular, plant failure (replaced
Sauter
).
This system was stand alone with a ‘hard wired’ network, which as it grew, became less reliable and access speed slowed significantly.
To overcome these issues and future demand we now run the BMS over the Cat 3 network, which assures capacity, improves access and has increased reliability.
This approach has allowed us to widen access via a web link, and start utilising it’s potential for improving sustainability through better control and awareness.Slide25
Continuous Optimisation – Flowers building ‘night set-back’
Electricity profile the
week before
the damper replacement and night setback initiation
Dampers replaced (Mon 5
th
& Tues 6
th
October)
Night set back initiated Wednesday 7
th
October
kW
400
320
240
160
80
Base load has reduced from 280kW to
210kWSlide26
Continuous Optimisation –
Carbon Desktop
Carbon DesktopSlide27
Continuous Optimisation – Carbon Desktop Slide28
Continuous Optimisation – Carbon Desktop
Pre Set-Back
Post Set-BackSlide29
Continuous Optimisation – Carbon Desktop
Weekly range =
0.4 tCO2
Pre Set-BackSlide30
Continuous Optimisation – Carbon Desktop
Post Set-Back
Weekly Range = 0.8 tCO
2Slide31
Continuous Optimisation –
Real Time Logging
Real Time LoggingSlide32
Continuous Optimisation –
Real Time Logging
Real Time Logging
Imperial College has spent over £1M in extending our metering capacity in the past 2.5 years.
Despite this investment, this growth generally doesn’t extend itself to individual items of plant, which can make assessment of actual load, and any beneficial improvements difficult to monitor.
We are introducing ‘Real Time Logging’ utilising meters with radio interfaces linking to an accessible website.
This allows us to run real time trials e.g. AHU fan motors with filter changes and verify savings.Slide33
Continuous Optimisation
–
How does ICT support Continuous Optimisation?
The use of these approaches, provide fundamental support to our ConCom programme and help to:
Raise awareness within the academic community
Demonstrate improved sustainable performance
Validate data and savingsSlide34
Continuous Optimisation
How are we achieving improved sustainability
Building Management
Academic Community
ICT
Services
TOGETHER