War is declared October 1899 British thought that they would loose control of situation in South Africa if they do not take action started preparing for war Troops were sent from Britain ultimatum was set up ID: 660709
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South African War
3 Distinct phases of the warSlide2
War is declared
October 1899: British thought that they would loose control of situation in South Africa if they do not take action, started preparing for war.Troops were sent from Britain, ultimatum was set up.Boers (in alliance) were unhappy about troops arriving in SA: Ultimatum to British: Do not let troops set foot on land, withdraw troops from borders11 October 1899 Boers declared war on British.This suited Chamberlain (British Foreign Secretary): It made the Boers look like the aggressor.Slide3
Phase One:
The Boers on attackBeginning of war: Most British troops had not yet arrivedBoers hoped to win war quickly and keep British in their territories
First Phase: known for three
sieges,
Mafikeng, Kimberley and Ladysmith.
British were stuck with little ammunition and food.
British lost many lives trying to end sieges
Black Week, December 1899:
British tried to relieve towns under siege – suffered serious defeats at Colenso, the
Stormberg
and
Magersfontein
.Slide4
Boers firing into LadysmithSlide5
Phase Two:
British Troops ArriveFrom early 1900 thousands of troops from Britain arrived led by Lord Kitchener and Lord Roberts
The full power of the Empire was now released on tiny group of Boers
Recovered earlier defeats: Kimberley, Ladysmith, Mafeking
General Cronje (Boers) surrendered at
Paardeberg
with 4000 Boer troops
24 May 1900 Roberts annexed Orange Free State
31 May 1900 British troops entered Johannesburg and on 5 June Pretoria was captured.
Looked as if British won the war, but it continued for another 2 years Slide6