PPT-DNA Mutations Biology Chapter 10

How does it happen Environmental Influences such as Chemicals or UV Rays Inherited mutations can be passed down from parent to offspring During copying of DNA mistakes can occur. And 57375en 57375ere Were None meets the standard for Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity for grade 8 Its structure pacing and universal appeal make it an appropriate reading choice for reluctant readers 57375e book also o57373ers students Mutations. What do you think a mutation is?. What happens to you during a mutation?. Mutations. Mutations. are ANY change in an organism’s DNA.. Mutations usually happen during if a mistake is made during replication (S phase).. Unit 7. Chapter 12. DNA. D. eoxyribo. n. ucleic . A. cid. RNA. R. ibo. n. ucleic . A. cid. Where does DNA “live”?. The NUCLEUS!. Why is DNA so Important?. * . DNA i. s a nucleic acid that contains the genetic information used in the development and functioning of all living things and some viruses.. Learning Outcome B8 & B6. Learning Outcome B8. Explain . how mutations in DNA affect protein synthesis. Student Achievement Indicators. Give examples of two environmental mutagens that can cause mutations in humans.. Polypeptides made up of amino acids. Proteins are polypeptides, numerous amino acids. First Recall Proteins------. **Peptide Bond between amino acids. **Notice the “R” group. It’s a group of molecules that determines the amino acid.. http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/mbi1440.htm. http://www.wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/teacherhp/johnson/visualvocab/mRNA.gif. GENETIC MATERIAL . In the middle of the 1900’s scientists were asking questions about genes.. The sequence of bases in DNA are like the letters of a coded message or even the letters of a simple alphabet. . If we change the sequence of the letters do we change the nature of the message?. That . DNA. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). The genetic material. Contains the “blueprint” for an organism. Instructions for an organism’s traits. Nucleic Acid-polymer (chain) of nucleotides (monomers). Very long molecule. Small-scale mutations. Missense mutations. Nonsense mutations. Silent mutations. Frameshift mutations. Large scale mutations. Causes. Mutagens. The results of mutation. Mutations. Genetic mutations are changes in the DNA sequence, caused by various mechanisms.. The types of proteins an organism possesses depend upon the . sequence of nucleotides. The two main types of gene mutations include:. Point mutation: one base pair is replaced for another base pair.. Asst. Prof. Dr. . Dalya. Basil Hanna . In this lecture…... Mutation:. Gene (point) Mutation. Chromosomal Mutation. Gene Mutation . A gene mutation occurs when the nucleotide sequence of the DNA is altered and a new sequence is passed on to the offspring. The change may be either a substitution of one or a few nucleotides for others or an insertion or deletion of one or a few pairs of nucleotides. ;. . the. . study of . biology. at the . molecular. level.. Molecular biology. ;. . the. . study of . gene . structure and functions at the . molecular level. . to understand the molecular basis of hereditary, genetic variation, and the expression patterns of genes. . KEY CONCEPT:. . Mutations. are changes in genetic material.. VOCABULARY:. Mutation, point mutation, . frameshift. mutation, polyploidy. Mutations – extension from gene expression. . Changes in genotype. A substitution is a mutation that exchanges one base for another (switch . A . with a G) . changes . a codon to one that encodes a different amino acid and cause a small change in the protein produced. .