Objective Describe how people acquire certain behaviors through classical conditioning Classical Conditioning A persons or animals old response becomes attached to a new stimulus A form of learning ID: 446357
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Slide1
Classical Conditioning
https://
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Slide2
Objective
Describe how people acquire certain behaviors through classical conditioningSlide3
Classical Conditioning
A person’s, or animal’s, old response becomes attached to a new stimulus.
A form of learning
Learning: A relatively permanent change in behavioral tendency that results from experience.Slide4
Ivan Pavlov
Discovered Classical Conditioning by accident
Actually wanted to learn how a dogs digestive system worked
Became interested how a dog anticipated foodSlide5
The Experiment
1 tuning fork: the neutral stimulus
Ring the fork just before serving the food (Unconditioned Stimulus or UCS)
Dog salivating is the Unconditional response (UCR) –
a reflex
QUESTION: How will the dog react to the sound of the tuning fork and no food?Slide6
The Experiment (cont.)
Conditioned Stimulus (CS): a neutral stimulus now has meaning after training
Conditional Response (CR): the response to the Conditioned Stimulus
QUESTION: Aside from the bells signaling a period change, what are some other ways people are conditioned?Slide7Slide8
Acquisition
Occurs gradually
Pairing CS with UCS – The CR is strengthened
Most effective when the CS was presented just before the UCSSlide9
Generalization
When animals, and people, responds to a second stimulus similar to the original CS without training
Pavlov’s dogs salivated at the sight of a ovalSlide10
Discrimination
The ability to respond differently to different stimuliSlide11
Extinction
When CR dies out because it is not being reinforced Slide12
Spontaneous Recovery
After Extinction the CR may reappear when the CS is presentedSlide13
Taste Aversions
Example
Go to
a restaurant
and eat some fish
Go home and get violently ill
You don’t like fish anymore
Why?