MidLate 1800s Introduction to Imperialism ENTRY 25 Using the maps on page 457 and 476 in the book Where and in what ways was the United States active in World A ffairs ID: 904533
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Slide1
American Imperialism
Going Back in Time to Look at American Foreign Policy in the
Mid-Late 1800’s
Slide2Introduction to Imperialism:
ENTRY #
25
Using the maps on page 457 and 476 in the book …
Where
and
in what ways
was the United States active in
World
A
ffairs
in the late 19
th
and early 20
th
Centuries?
What would have been the purpose of having the US sphere of
influence/imperialism
extended into those places?
Finally, based on what you now know, define
Imperialism
IN YOUR OWN
WORDS:
Slide3What is Imperialism?
The Building of an Empire
According to your textbook,
Imperialism
is “the policy by which large nations extend their political, military and/or economic control over weaker territories.” This is a more traditional definition of Imperialism.
Also, at this time, imperialism includes “messing around” in other countries’ business, and creating
spheres of
(economic, military, and/or political)
influence.
Slide4Boxer Rebellion 1900
(1958 statehood)
(1959 statehood)
Slide5Slide6Imperialism: Why?
Economic Benefit: Colonies and spheres of influence
are places to
extract
natural
resources and are markets
to
sell
goods.
They also serve as refueling stations for
ships, and bases for military strength to reach far and wide
Political power: every powerful nation is practicing Imperialism – must get a “piece of the pie” in order to be viable.
A “moral obligation”?:
American
Exceptionalism
refers to the theory that the United States occupies a special niche among the nations of the world in terms of its national credo, historical evolution, political and religious institutions and origins. …
Have we seen this type of belief before?
Back to
Social Darwinism & “White Man’s Burden”
Slide7White Man’s Burden
With a
single
partner, read the passage and try to write down a short summary of each stanza (on the sheet, next to the stanza)
Then discuss, but
individually
answer the following Critical Thinking Question as
ENTRY #
26
in your Writing Notebook:
Putting yourself into the shoes of an American politician around the year 1890… why is it morally acceptable for the United States to be building an overseas empire?
Slide8In
1890: How to make
an Empire?Control
Colonies or spheres of Influence
all around
the world.
Britain: India, Egypt,
Iraq, Australia, Canada
Germany: Ghana, New Guinea, Northern Mariana Islands
France: Algeria, Tunisia (a lot of North Africa), Vietnam, Madagascar
Belgium: The Congo, Rwanda, BurundiUnited States: ? (see maps)
Slide9Source: Wikipedia (aka…Font of Knowledge)
Slide10American Imperialism
: How?
T
he Key to Imperialism: A
G
igantic
Navy
Alfred Thayer Mahan:
The Influence of Sea Power Upon
History
(1890)Mahan wrote about how influential nations had to have powerful navies in order to project their power around the world
.
Argued that the US must build a modern fleet (by 1900, US had third largest Navy in the world).
Slide11American Imperialism in 1890: Why the US, & Why at This Time?
By 1890 the American Western Frontier had closed
Their needed
to be a
new “safety valve”
for US expansionist impulses…
Frederick
Jackson Turner:
argued in
his
“
F
rontier Thesis
”
that the
US needs a place for rugged men to prove
themselves…that “over multiple generations, the frontier [during westward migration] had produced the characteristics of informality, violence, crudeness, democracy and initiative that the world recognized as ‘American’“…it is expand or die for Americans
Slide12The Beginning of American Imperialism
1853 - Commodore
Perry in the
“Land
of the
Shogun”:
before the Civil
War Commodore
Perry drove his fleet into Japan and
opened Japan to trade with the US (and thus the rest of the west).
Japanese woodblock print
of Perry (center) and other high-ranking American seamen
Slide13Early American
Imperialism
1867 - Alaska (“
Seward’s Folly
”/ “Seward’s Icebox”/ “Polar Bear Garden”) Lincoln’s Secretary
of
State, William
Seward bought Alaska from
Russia. People
thought he was
a lunatic for doing so,
but it turned out Alaska had lots of good
resources (oil, gold, timber..,) and would be a strategic location from which to pursue imperialism and during the Cold War.
Original check made out to Russia for $7.2 million, or about $.02 and acre!
(Alaska became the 49
th
State in 1958)
Slide14Later
A
merican Imperialism
1889
–First International Pan-American Conference to encourage trade between the US and the 17 Latin American Countries – Led by American Secretary of State (under Grant), James Blaine.
The Pan American Highway from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska to Ushuaia, Argentina.
Slide15Later American
Imperialism
Queen Liliuokalani became queen of Hawaii in 1891 and was against the increasing power of the white plantation owners in her nation.
1893 the planters, along with the help of US Marines, removed her from office….
1898 - Hawaii was proclaimed a territory…will become the 50
th
State in 1959