PDF-Selection and Use of Chemical Disinfectants Alcohols e

They are most effective against lipophilic viruses less effective against nonlipid viruses and ineffective against bacterial spores Because of their quick evaporation rate it may be difficult to achieve sufficient contact time Chlorine compounds hou. Starter:. Use molecular models to make various alcohol molecules. Keywords:. Esterification, elimination, ester, dehydration. Learning Objectives. A. Model the esterification of alcohols with carboxylic acids. Thiols. , Phenols, . And Ethers. IUG, . Fall . 2013. Dr. . Tarek. . Zaida. 1. 1. Alcohols. Alcohols are derivatives of hydrocarbons in which 1 or more of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by a hydroxyl (-OH) . and how to identify them. 2. Classification. Primary. : carbon with –OH is bonded to one other carbon. Secondary. : carbon with –OH is bonded to two other carbons. Tertiary. : carbon with –OH is bonded to three other carbons. Properties & Synthetic Preps. Hydroxyl groups in natural compounds.. Alcohols. Naturally occurring p. henols: a . hydroxyl group directly attached to an aromatic ring.. Phenols. The –OH of an alcohol. 8-4. Methanol is commercially synthesized from . synthesis gas. , a mixture of CO and H. 2. :. A change of catalyst leads to the production of 1,2-ethanediol:. Ethanol can be prepared by the fermentation of sugars or the hydration of ethene:. Learning Objectives:. Know the general formula for alcohols.. Be able to name alcohols.. Describe the shape of alcohols.. Classify primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.. Describe the physical properties of alcohols.. Preparation of alkenes. Preparation of alkenes continued. Dehydration of alcohols. The H and OH are removed from adjacent carbons.. E.g. ethanol may be heated with . sulphuric. acid to create . ethene. Thiols. , . and ethers. Nomencalture. of alcohols. Use the end . ol. Examples. . Hydrogen bonding in alcohols and phenols. Alcohols and phenols form hydrogen bonds, and hence they have relatively high boiling points. This also makes the lower alcohols miscible with water. As the R group becomes larger, the solubility of alcohols in water decreases dramatically.. 45. -Alcohols . have the general formula R. -. OH and are characterized by the presence of a . hydroxyl group, . -. OH. . -Phenols . have a hydroxyl group attached directly to an aromatic ring. . -Thiols . 1. Hydration of Alkenes - . addition of water. - uses H. 2. SO. 4. and heat. Ex.; Hydrate propene.. 2. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes & Ketones –. All . carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule will be hydrogenated at the same time. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed!. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9 Integrate information from diverse sources, both primary and secondary, into a coherent understanding of an idea or event, noting discrepancies among sources.. C&D Disinfectants. Adapted from the FAD . PReP. /NAHEMS . Guidelines: Cleaning and Disinfection (2014). Classes of Chemical Disinfectants for C&D Operations. 2. Chemical. USDA APHIS will determine which disinfectants are to be used. DEFINITION:. Disinfectants. are those chemicals that destroy pathogenic bacteria from inanimate surfaces. . Some chemical have very narrow spectrum of activity and some have very wide. Those chemicals that can sterilize are called . st. 1439 . Learning. . Objectives. By the end of this chapter the student will:. . know the structure of alcohol. Knew the different classes of alcohols.. Knew the nomenclature of Alcohols . Knew the physical Properties. .