Low Risk Environment Topic 1 Basic Maneuvers Topic 2 Vision and Perception Topic 3 Controlling Risk Using a Space Management System Topic 4 Developing Good Driving Habits ID: 1042480
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Basic Maneuvering Tasks:" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
1. Basic Maneuvering Tasks:Low Risk EnvironmentTopic 1 -- Basic ManeuversTopic 2 -- Vision and PerceptionTopic 3 -- Controlling Risk Using a Space Management SystemTopic 4 -- Developing Good Driving HabitsModule Three PowerPointVirginia Department of EducationProvided in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles
2. 1. Place Foot Firmly on Service Brake2. Select Proper Gear - Overdrive, Drive, or Reverse3. Perform Traffic Checks - Forward, Rear, and Sides4. Apply Proper Signal - Communicate IntentionsT – 3.1Entering Roadway Tasks
3. Release Parking BrakeSelect Gap in Traffic FlowMove to Lane- Target Lane Position #1Release Service Brake8. Accelerate Gradually9. Steer to Center of LaneEntering Roadway TasksT – 3.23 feetLane Position #1CENTER OF LANE3 feetWhen Entering the roadway your target should be lane position 1
4. Traffic Checks Front/Rear/SidesProper SignalSelect TargetRecheck blind zones - for bicyclist, pedestrians, etc.Adjust speed with controlled brakingT – 3.3Moving to Curb/Side of Road
5. Moving to Curb/Side of RoadMove graduallyUse reference point to establish 6” from curbMake Adjustments to Align Visual Reference PointsCancel Signal IndicatorT – 3.4
6. Sit up straightLook over your right shoulderLook through the rear mirrorBegin with your foot on the brake( heel on the floor)Shift to reverseBackingT – 3.7Backing
7. Grip the steering wheel with the left hand at 12 o’clock.When backing to the left, turn the steering wheel to the left.When backing around a corner, align the rear bumper with the corner before beginning your turn.T – 3.5BackingBacking
8. Signal if Backing Right or Left Often you do not need to use the acceleratorMaintain pressure on the brakeT – 3.6BackingBacking
9. Gaining Visual Information Vision is the ability to see and understand what we see. - A driver gains approximately 90% of the driving information through the eyes. Vision and Perception RequirementsT – 3.8
10. Driver’s Useful Vision AreasGathering Useful Visual InformationFocal Vision Area Includes 3 to 5 degrees of useful information that is used when:Used to read and identify distinct objects.T – 3.10
11. Driver’s Useful Vision AreasReferencing Vehicle Position to Roadway and depth perceptionViewing Path of TravelViewing Line of Sight to Target AreaT – 3.11Gathering Useful Visual InformationCentral Vision Area (Inner Fringe)30 to 36 degrees of useful information that includes:
12. Driver’s Useful Vision AreasGathering Useful Visual InformationT – 3.12Peripheral VisionPeripheral VisionPeripheral Vision (Outer Fringe Area) 175-180 degrees of useful information that detects:Motion ChangesColor Changes
13. Capacity of Visual FieldsFocus VisionCentral VisionPeripheral VisionPeripheral VisionVehicle approaching from the sideMotion and Color ChangesFocal VisionDetermine make and model of vehiclesVisual Lead, Targeting, Signs, SignalsCentral Vision Identifying the type of vehiclesReferencing, Path of Travel, SightlinesVisual Fields in OperationT – 3.13
14. Visual Fields in OperationPath of TravelTargetWhen your path of travel is restricted, you will need to adjust speed or position.Good visual habits involve establishing a path of travel with a targeted area 20-30 seconds ahead of the vehicle. This is known as visual lead.T – 3.14
15. Effect of Speed on Vision and SteeringAs speed increases:When you are unable to see you target area ahead, you should reduce your speed.central vision narrows and blursperipheral vision decreasesVISUAL FIELDS NARROWT – 3.16
16. Following Intervals2 Seconds… Allows driver time to steer out of problem areas at all listed speeds on a dry surface and stop before problem areas at speeds under 35 mph.3 Seconds… Allows driver time to steer out of problem areas at all listed speeds on dry surface and stop before problem areas at speeds to 45 mph.4 Seconds… Allows driver to steer out of problem areas at speeds up to 65 mph on dry surface and stop before problem areas at speeds to the legal limit of 65 mph.T – 3.20 Most factory equipped passenger car tires are not designed to steer out of problem areas at speeds beyond 75 mph. At such speeds, speed rated tires are required due to increased tire heat and reduced traction caused by excessive sidewall flexion--especially on curves or when turning.
17. Determining Following IntervalsFixed Object or ShadowOne Thousand OneOne Thousand Two One Thousand Three One Thousand Four T – 3.18
18. Space Management SystemS earchE valuateE xecute i nT imeT-3.20a Good Drivers Develop a Space Management System A space management system is a process used to manage time, space, and visibility to reduce risk situations.
19. SearchingThe first step is to Search and Identifying high risk situationsBefore proceeding straight through an intersection, check left , right then and one final glance left . Don’t forget to check ahead for vehicles turning left into your path of travel.T – 3.21
20. EvaluatingDecision-makingPedestriansOn-coming trafficBicyclist Preventing high risk situationsMaintain open LOS and POT & proper lane positionManage time and spaceT – 3.23 What are high risk situations?
21. T – 3.28Approach to IntersectionStep 1 (Search)Identify Intersection Identify ControlsCheck Rear Areas Search for cross trafficStep 2 (Evaluate)Scan Open Side Areas FirstScan Closed Side Areas Look for Closed or Changing Frontal AreasStep 3 (Execute)Adjust SpeedMaintain Lane Position or Stop Behind CrosswalkProceed Through Open Space Area or Stop Behind the Crosswalk
22. The Top Ten Errors1.23.9%not attending to the path of travel(distractions – cell phone, sound system, passengers, etc.)2.13.7%driving five or more mph too fast for conditions3. 6.6%driving too fast through a curve4. 6.3%inadequate search at an intersection and moving in front of cross traffic5. 6.1%lack of attention at an intersection and being struck by another driverthat resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are:
23. The Top Ten ErrorsT – 3.32that resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are:6.6.5%improper evasive action—quick turn not executed properly or braking instead of steering 7.3.9%failed to maintain visual lead 8. 3.9%failed to see action developing at side of the roadway 9.3.9%following too closely 10.3.3%willfully taking right-of-way