Warm UP Define the following terms Homeostasis Drive Reduction Theory Theory of Optimal Arousal Glucose Hypothalamus in relation to hunger Leptin PYY Set Point Alfred Kinsey Considered the father of the study of human sexuality for conducting his studies in the 1940s ID: 1045377
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Chapter 12 Motivation pt. 2: Sexual Mot..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
1. Chapter 12 Motivation pt. 2: Sexual Motivation, Belongingness, and Achievement Motivation
2. Warm UPDefine the following termsHomeostasisDrive Reduction TheoryTheory of Optimal ArousalGlucoseHypothalamus in relation to hungerLeptinPYYSet Point
3. Alfred KinseyConsidered the father of the study of human sexuality for conducting his studies in the 1940’s. Studies showed that there were wide variations in “normal” sexual practices of individuals and that premarital sex was commonplace.
4. Criticism of Kinsey’s Studies18,000 people1940s-1950sSample was unrepresentativeWell educated whitesMisleading questions
5. Sexual Response CycleFollowing Kinsey’s studies, scientists looked to identify typical sexual reactions among volunteers in the 1960’s.Master and Johnson filmed and identified the sexual response cycle: refers to the four stages of sexual response:1. Excitement2. Plateau 3. Orgasm4. Resolution
6. Sexual Response Cycle1. Excitement: blood flows to the genital areas causing both sexes’ genitals to enlarge.2. Plateau: peak of the excitement phase; breathing increases; penal and vaginal secretions increase.3. Orgasm: ejaculation in the male and vaginal contractions in the female. 4. Resolution phase: body returns to unaroused state. In males, enter refractory period: resting period where they cannot have another orgasm.
7. Hormones and Sexual BehaviorCertain hormones help activate sexual fertility, putting animals in “heat.”Females become sexually receptive when estrogen (sex hormone greater in females) peaks during ovulation.Testosterone levels also effect sex drive in both males and females. Hormones are monitored by Hypothalamus.
8. Effect of External Stimuli on Sexual MotivationStudies have shown that both males and females are both aroused by seeing, hearing, or reading erotic material. Some psychologists have argued that sexual explicit materials can have negative effects. How?
9. Sexual DisordersSexual Disorders: a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning.In Men:Premature Ejaculation: ejaculation before they or their partners wish. Impotence: inability to maintain an erection.In WomenOrgasmic Disorder: infrequent or never experiencing an orgasm.
10. Cultural Norms Also Have Strong Impact on Sexual BehaviorUnited StatesCanadaJapanBritain 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000Year40% 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0Percentageof birthsto unwedmothers
11. Teen Pregnancy 1. Ignorance2. Guilt related to sexual arousal/behavior 3. Minimal communication about birth control 4. Alcohol5. Mass media “acceptance” of unprotected sexhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6QeHhEyUJU
12. Sexual OrientationSexual Orientation: an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one’s own gender (homosexual orientation) or the other gender (heterosexual orientation)
13. Possible Causes of Homosexuality?Have found brain differences between heterosexual men and homosexual men and women. Hard to get at causation.Identical twin brothers, 52% both will be gay. Genes not everything.Prenatal exposure to certain hormones.Most psychologists believe that nature more than nurture influences sexual orientation but the answer has not been completely solved.
14. Changing Attitudes towards HomosexualityPeople who believe homosexuality to be biological tend to be more accepting.Extramarital sex is “always wrong”Homosexual sex is “always wrong”1987 1998Year100% 80 60 40 20 0
15. Belongingness MotivationIdea that humans do not live as islands are motivated to connect to others.Aids SurvivalCreates Relationships.
16. Achievement MotivationAchievement Motivation: desire to accomplish things and attaining a high standard. 2 Types of Achievement Motivation: Intrinsic Motivation: performing task for its own sake.Extrinsic Motivation: performing task because of you will receive rewards or punishments.
17. Intrinsic vs. ExtrinsicMom: “I’ll give you $5 for every A.’’Controlling rewardChild: “As long as she pays, I’ll study.’’Extrinsic motivationMom: “Your grades were great! Let’s celebrate by going out for dinner.’’Informative rewardChild: “I love doing well.’’Intrinsic motivation
18. The Art of Motivating PeopleIndustrial Psychology: subfield of psychology that studies workplace behavior. Looks to understand how to boost productivity and morale. Personnel PsychologyOrganizational psychology
19. Leadership Styles: 2 TypesTask Leadership: focuses on goals of organization (the tasks at hand).Social Leadership: group oriented leadership focused on relationship building. Teamwork and mediation of conflict.
20. Leadership TheoriesTheory X: assumes that workers are stupid, error prone, and extrinsically motivated. Need to be directed from above. Theory Y: assumes that workers are motivated to achieve self esteem and should be challenged and given freedom.
21.
22. Quick WriteYou MUST use specific info. At least 5 vocab terms. Underline the terms.Discuss the basis of sexual motivation in terms of both internal physiology and external incentive. 469- 474Discuss cultural and historical variations in adolescent sexuality, identify several factors that contribute to the high rate of unprotected sex and describe teens who most often delay sexual activity. 472-475 Discuss the various physiological and psychological factors that are involved in appetite regulation. Pgs 459-497