Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Particles in Motion Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How do particles move in solids liquids and gases ID: 679426
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Slide1
Unit 1 Lesson 5 States of Matter
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing CompanySlide2
Particles in Motion
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
How do particles move in solids, liquids, and gases?
The
kinetic theory of matter
states that all matter is made of tiny particles that are in constant motion.
The state of matter is determined by how much particles move and how often they bump into each other.
Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide3
How do particles move in solids, liquids, and gases?
A
solid
is a substance with a definite volume and shape. Particles are close together and do not move freely.
A
liquid
is a substance with a definite volume but not a definite shape.
A
gas
is a substance that does not have a definite volume or shape.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide4
Shape Up!
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
How does particle motion affect the properties of solids, liquids, and gases?
Particles in a solid vibrate but remain in fixed positions.
Solids cannot easily change shape or volume.
Liquids take the shape of their container. Particles in a liquid are close together but not tightly arranged.
Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide5
How does particle motion affect the properties of solids, liquids, and gases?
Particles in liquids slide past each other, creating flow.
Particles in gases are far apart.
The space between gas particles can change easily.
Gases take on the shape of their container.
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Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide6
How does particle motion affect the properties of solids, liquids, and gases?
What state of matter is shown in the image below? How do you know?
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Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide7
What happens when substances change state?
The process in which a solid becomes a liquid is called
melting.
As a solid is heated, if the vibrations in the particles are fast enough, the particles break loose and slide past one another.
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Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide8
What happens when substances change state?
When temperatures of a liquid are lowered, causing a solid to form, it is called
freezing.
Lower temperatures cause the particles to move slowly enough for the attractions between them to cause the liquid to become a solid.
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Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide9
What happens when substances change state?
Water freezes at 0 °C, but other substances can freeze at room temperature.
When substances lose or gain energy, one of two things can happen to the substance: its temperature can change or its state can change.
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Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide10
What happens when substances change state?
What change of state is happening in this diagram?
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Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of MatterSlide11
Unit 1
Lesson 5
States of Matter
Making Glass
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Glass blowing is the shaping of glass by blowing air into a blob of molten glass from the end of a blowpipe.
Glass is made by heating a mixture of sand, soda ash, limestone, and other ingredients until it melts.
Melted glass can be cooled, and it will change to the solid state.