PPT-Tumor suppressor genes DR. AYSER HAMEED

LEC4 Examples of tumor suppressor genes 1 RB gene This is the first discovered suppressor gene loss of normal RB gene was discovered initially in Retinoblastoma but recently proved it lost in many tumors breast cancer bladder amp lung cancer osteosarcoma. - The Hippo pathway is one of many tumor suppressor pathways that is used to control the growth of tissues and organs. The founding members of the pathway were discovered by Georg Halder and . Iswar. Smad4 is a key part of TGF beta signaling pathway. Inhibits epithelial cell growth. SMAD4 is a tumor suppressor. . that was discovered in association with pancreatic cancer. De . Bosscher. . et al., . Cancer can be caused by mutations to genes that regulate cell growth and division. Tumor viruses can cause cancer in animals including humans. Oncogenes and Proto-Oncogenes. Oncogenes . are cancer-causing genes. A few thoughts on cancer and cancer family syndromes Pamela McGrann, MD. Department of Medical Genetics Family cancer syndromes There are about 1.4 million new cancers diagnosed each year ~800,000 in men PATHG4500 Fall 2019. Introduction. Recommended Textbook . The Biology of CANCER. Robert A. Weinberg. Second Edition. Cancer Biology PATHG4500-001. Meets on select Mondays and Wednesdays. Course Directors: Anna . Understanding Cancer. Developed by:. Lewis J. Kleinsmith, Ph.D.. Donna Kerrigan, M.S.. Jeanne Kelly. Brian Hollen. Discusses and illustrates what cancer is, explains the link between genes and cancer, and discusses what is known about the causes, detection, and diagnosis of the disease.. LEC.2. Most benign tumors grow slowly . & most of cancers grow faster . & eventually spread locally & to distant sites (metastasis) & causing death.. In some exception, some benign tumors grow more rapidly than some cancers e.g. leiomyoma (uterine fibroid), which is benign smooth muscle tumor influence by estrogen & so increase in size during pregnancy.. LEC.1. General Features . Inflammation is defined as "the response of living . vascularized. tissues to harmful agents.”. . It consists principally of vascular changes associated with leukocytes infiltration and systemic reactions. LEC.3. Incidence of cancer. In male. . 30% Carcinoma of prostate. .. 14% Carcinoma of Lung.. 11% Carcinoma of colon & rectum.. In female. . . 31% breast carcinoma. .. 12% carcinoma of lung. . LEC.5. Chemical carcinogenesis:. General principles of chemical carcinogens;. I. . Could be . natural or synthetic chemical. ..  . II. . Chemicals either . direct acting chemical. (. active without transformation in the body). LEC.4. Carcinogenesis:. is a multistep process at both . phenotypic & genetic levels.. Phenotypic level . includes:. I. Excessive growth.. II. Local invasion.. III. Metastasis.. These three criteria are called collectively . Of Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Dr. Calypso . Barbatis. MD, . FRCPath. , . PhD. HBD . Histobiodiagnosis. ATHENS. HSGO / 19-20 May . 2018. ATHENS. Frequent . malignancy. 3. rd. cause of cancer-related mortality. LEC.5. 3. Evasion of apoptosis:. Normally, . the mechanism of . apoptosis is mediated by many genes, & achieve by two phases. . Initiation phase. , which is mediated by . TNF- Fas receptor . & inhibited by FLIP protein.. Cancer terminology. Classification by tissue type:. carcinoma. epithelial cell. 90% of all tumours. derived from . ectoderm . (mostly) or . endoderm . (some). sarcoma. connective tissue. 2% of all tumours.